advantages of federalism in nigeriaadvantages of federalism in nigeria

If you go to Colorado, then it is illegal to keep a couch on your porch. This is intended to improve supply of power. It is believed by many that this was one of the reasons why Nigeria adopted a federalist system. /Type /XObject For the time being the focus rests on advantages. Two local governments can have two different approaches to bring reforms in any area of public domain, be it taxation or education. 3. Seen in its entirety, all stakeholders have to brace up their resolve for national rebirth as we all . /Filter /DCTDecode Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. Federal systems emerge in two broad ways both of which have epochal . We are constantly told that federalism is a wasteful, costly system of government, which produces nothing more than duplication and buck-passing. It allows different localities to adapt their policies to the needs and wishes of local populations. 3. gives people easier access to political offices because they may begin seeking elected offices at the. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. The fear of marginalization by the minority in a unitary system of government has, to a great extent, influenced the majority state support for federating states. The structure of federalism encourages local communities to self-govern in the most efficient manner possible. Each state shall give full credit and be faithful to judicial proceedings, public records and public actions of all other states. Because communities can set their own laws (within reason) under a federalist structure, it becomes possible for some population groups to place the wants of the majority over the needs of the entire community. Required fields are marked *. The federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens to participate in government. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness, and disadvantages, such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Resource control: History of federal system of government in nigeria 2.2 It Increases The Level Of Participation By Individuals. National decisions can sometimes compete with state decisions. The federal system makes government more manageable. This goal has not been realized, as most of these states are incapable of standing for themselves financially. It was partially responsible for the division in the 1800s that eventually led to the Civil War. The main task of the fiscal federalism is to raise and spend money. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. (2019, November 23). Several positive and negative attributes of federalism have manifested themselves in the U.S. political system. Among the merits of federalism are that it promotes policy innovation and political participation and accommodates diversity of opinion. Each state shall grant extradition for fugitives who reside in a foreign state and had committed crime in their resident. IvyPanda. It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. Many women only make 80% for doing the same job that men do when they look at their salary. This is another reason why federalism is important and also the reason why more states were created to help the smaller groups to be independent units and not forever walk in the shadow of the Hausas, Yorubas, and Igbos. Possessing a lot of power will enable them have the authority to raise navy and armies that could control tragedies from happening by protecting the nation. Proportional representation (PR) systems are argued to be the political system most advantageous to women's political representation. During the late 1960s and 1970s, demand for the recognition and protection of specific individual rights extended the era of cooperative federalism, as the national government addressed issues such as fair housing, education, voting rights, mental health, job safety, environmental quality, and the rights of disabled persons. In a federal system, power is shared by the national and state governments. The constitution must be rigid to avoid frequent and unnecessary changes. 5. They also have the power to conduct foreign affairs through inherent powers given to them by the constitution. Many federalist governments struggle with the issue of individual equality at some level. By and large, it is the nature of the relationship of the federal and state governments that determines whether a state is federal or unitary. This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. Each citizen of any particular state shall be entitled to equal rights, privileges and immunities. 1. Thats not to say that all actions are a disadvantage. 1. Another major reason why federalism was adopted in Nigeria is the multiple ethnic backgrounds in Nigeria. The Nigerian federalism is a creation of the British. The first military head of state was dethroned for adopting unitary system of government yet successive military administration in practice follow unitary principle instead of federal system. Federalism provides a structure that diffuses governmental power. It is the result of the highly established units which can usually be absent. The federal government in America has special authority to control interstate businesses and trade with the foreign countries. Another cogent reason for federalism in Nigeria is the fear of marginalization. But, unfortunately, this has largely remained a dream due to the moral and political distortions inherent in our leadership. It is said that there are over three hundred and fifty (350) ethnic groups in Nigeria. As a Nigerian, it is important to understand some basic things about the system of governance in Nigeria and why it is so. IvyPanda. The governmental powers are shared between the federal government and the thirty-six state governments. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. But in Nigeria, The federal government controls about 80 percent of the resources in the country, leaving the state and local government at its mercy. So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness , and disadvantages , such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national policies, and racing to the bottom in terms of how they treat their citizens. Although three major tribes (Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo) have been selected as the main Nigerian languages, the need to avoid drowning the voices of the minority groups in the stream of the major groups is both glaring and necessary for peace to reign. stream All names, acronyms, logos and trademarks displayed on this website are those of their respective owners. In the EU, the members of the upper houses in the government are not elected or appointed, but they serve as delegates of their respective governments. These structures can be challenging to change when there are some many obstacles that are put in the way thanks to the checks and balances of this system. 1. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. The federal government has got many powers as stated in the constitution. The leaders also were from different major tribes and also wanted a level of power. The pros and cons of federalism provide evidence that it is usually better for a society and nation if there is a system of power sharing available for the government. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. However, where there is a conflict of authority between the federal government and regional government, the federal authority supersedes. In the same way, the political culture of the United States is civic, republican and participatory. the country. The local governments can decide to fight the existence of some specific national laws by going through the justice system of the country. It can also be used as a way to pass ridiculous laws as a way to make a political statement, discourage tourism, or some other specific result. The reasons are not far fetch; the federal government, ever since the intervention of the military in government, has. Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. a. November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. The effectiveness of linking communications has been a vital factor in geographical unit. Many Nigerian ethnic groups began to agitate for their own states. so that you can track your progress. 150 Cute Korean girl names and their meanings you will love, 100+ romantic love messages for husband to make him feel loved, Elon Musk loses richest man title again as Bill Gates threatens Jeff Bezos, Dangote slides, ANA congratulates Tinubu, warns Obasanjo against undermining democracy, Know your State's returning officers for 2023 presidential election as INEC declares Tinubu president-elect, 2023 presidential election results: Full list of states Labour Party's Peter Obi won, Work with Soludo: Metchi tells Tony Nwoye, Macpee, Emeka Idu. If the desire to remain separate does not exist, the the association will not be federal but unitary with some delegation of powers to local government. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Federalism encourages innovation in governing. 3. Each state will receive 22% to 28% funds annually to spend in development. regions, states, provinces. The desire to have war powers was also one of the reasons why national government power was increased since 1788. Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The U.S. government threatened to pull funding from the cities choosing this action, and then filed suit against them in an effort to try getting compliance. There are other political systems the country could have adopted but because of some reasons which I am going to share with you today, federalism seemed to be the best idea. And even now we can see the population of Nigeria compared to other countries in Africa. 4. They also have implied powers which are necessary in delegation of power in the nation. The unity here is brought about by the desire of the component units of the federation to form union in respect of some matters. Federalism can be inefficient. This was meant to re-establish proper rule and national governance. In 1963 Midwestern region was created and Nigeria became a nation of four regions. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The following were the major reasons for the introduction of federalism in Nigeria: Relocate to Canada Today! "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." The centralization of Nigeria's fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to achieve a balanced development of the federation. Instead of designing a government that should unite the different elements in Nigeria, the colonialists fully adopted federal stem of government in 1954 and created greater regional autonomy. Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages. The federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens to participate in government. The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. Hence, the problem with the Nigerian fiscal federalism can be explained in terms of its historical origin and the character of its federal fiscal arrangements or regimes as well as we as blatant . Abacha regime, added more states making Nigeria a federation of 36 states and Federal capital Territory at Abuja. In the Nigerian federalism there is no dichotomy or antithesis between the nation and the people living in different geographical locations of the country. Nigeria became a federation of three regions in 1954 while today it is a federation of thirty-six states. IvyPanda. In other not to control only some parts of the big country, Nigeria, the colonial masters thought it wise to divide the country into different component units that will be represented in the government. Some governments are trying it, while others or not. The central government can concentrate more on international affairs and defense of the country while the provincial government can cater to the local needs. The political parties involved in the first republic were more formed on a regional basis. Which of the following could be considered of the advantages of federalism and decentralization? Opinion. We utilize security vendors that protect and So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness, and disadvantages, such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national . Increasing Citizen Participation - By not centralizing all power into the hands of a Federalism is an efficient process. The national government also possess concurrent powers which enable them to exercises along with the state government. Nigeria as a result was divided into three provinces. Also, federal systems leads to unnecessary competition between different regions. Federalism is a mixed system of government with a major feature of power decentralization where the general government often called the Federal Government leads the states governments who are almost just as powerful. On the subject of policy innovation, Supreme Court Justice However, the practice of fiscal federalism in Nigeria is a negation of true federalism. What are advantages and disadvantages of Constitution? Evidently, Nigerias political culture was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism. This type of government is also known as a "federation" or a "federal state" in common parlance (eg., United States of America). They are better suited to deal with the true things that need to be changed. Federalism is a compromise meant to eliminate the disadvantages of both systems. Instead of mandating that everyone follows the same set of laws, this system allows each community to create a foundation that works the best for their needs. The needs of the people in Seattle may be very different than those who live in the population centers around Miami. Present Nigeria was formed by the amalgamation of two regions which many see as a big influence in why federalism was later adopted by the British and later on by Nigerian leaders as at the time of independence. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. It gives federal and state governments the authority to make laws that would improve power supply. Insecurity and the desire for union are the main reasons for the shift from unitary system of government to federal system of government in 1954. The contradictions generated by this rigional arrangement threatened Nigeria unity. Another government might offer a significant tax break to a company that encourages them to place offices in one location and not another. That means some people in the U.S. must follow four different sets of laws. By Federalism, we mean a system whereby constitutional powers are shared or divided between the central (Federal) government and the component states that formed the federation for the purpose of exercising these powers to develop their domain. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. While formulating policies, local needs, tastes and opinions are given due consideration by the state governments. 6. What are strengths and weaknesses of federalism? Then Nigeria was organised into a federation that had three regions. There is a general opinion that Nigeria was formed because of the interest of the British and they had to govern the country under a federation system. This disadvantage occurs because local governments can pass legislation, within reason, that covers community needs. 2.5 It Encourages Innovation In Governing. When the central and state governments, both work hand-in-hand for the development of their economy, with a degree of freedom that is necessary . 2 Top 5 Advantages Of Federalism. Knowing who is responsible for specific issues can make it difficult for any aid to make it to its intended destination. This is also one of the reasons as to why national powers were increased. we are proud to nigeria our inherited country,god bless nigeria. The Babangida administration followed the same step and created 21 states and more local governments. BREAKING: Finally, Fayose former Ekiti state governor resigns from PDP, Jordan Nyesom: Wikes Son Was Shot Dead in US? The Evolution, Development and Practice of Federalism in Nigeria Charas Madu Tella, Ahmed Wali Doho, Aliyu Bapeto Abstract Federalism is a political philosophy in which members of a group are . Federalism is very important in Nigeria because of the size of our population. Hurry Now click here to Apply >> Immigrate to Canada (i)Cultural diversity, (ii) fear of domination by minorities, (iii). Federalism was basically introduced to bring about peace and unity in the different regions of the country. Written constitution are mostly rigid, with cumbersome amendment procedure, which leads to the problem of how to easily amend it to make it suit changing needs and time. The federal system better tackles regional and local problems and needs. In fact, Nigeria can be seen as a prime example of the "resource curse", a phenomenon where natural resource wealth leads to poor economic growth and development and an increased likelihood for civil conflict. Federalism provides room for innovation and experimentation. It does not store any personal data. Possessing taxation power under the 16. State governments have the freedom to adopt policies which may not be followed nationally or by any other state. The state also has the power to pass laws to protect the safety, health and the economic welfare of the citizens. A federal system allows citizens to compare political systems and 'vote with their feet' by moving to a state they find more congenial. Federalism often protects the will of the majority at any cost. A recent example in the United States of this advantage is the requirement to drug test working adults who receive welfare benefits. Federalism allows the government to become more responsive to individual needs. Federalism can create oppositional competition. For the United States, it is the wage and wealth gaps to consider. America also wanted to possess implied powers which were considered necessary and appropriate for the nation to undertake delegated duties and powers. This post will give you some insight into why federalism was adopted as the system of governance in Nigeria. 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