Oliguria—An abnormally small amount of urine, often due to shock or kidney damage. sodium chloride, potassium, sulfate, phosphate, ammonium, magnesium, calcium. Urea is essentially a processed form of ammonia that is non-toxic to mammals, unlike ammonia, which can be highly toxic. Urine is an aqueous solution of greater than 95% water, with a minimum of these remaining constituents, in order of decreasing concentration: Urine is sterile until it reaches the urethra, where epithelial cells lining the urethra are colonized by facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods and cocci. Other substances may be excreted in urine due to injury or infection of the glomeruli of the kidneys, which can alter the ability of the nephron to reabsorb or filter the … Composition and Properties of Urine • urinalysis – the examination of the physical and chemical properties of urine – appearance - clear, almost colorless to deep amber - yellow color due to urochrome pigment from breakdown of hemoglobin (RBCs) – other colors from foods, drugs or … There are several conditions that can cause abnormal components to be excreted in urine or present as abnormal characteristics of urine. For more information contact us at info@libretexts.org or check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. It is an aqueous solution of greater than 95% water. Scientists have laid out the entire chemical composition of human urine, revealing that more than 3,000 compounds are found in the fluid, and have published it all in an online database. General Characteristics of Urine . Nitrogen was mainly (> 90%) present as ammoniacal N, with ammonium bicarbonate being the dominant compound. If you lack of carbohydrates, you will not be healthy. Urine Physical Characteristics of Urine. 0.18. potassium. On average, about 60 grams of salts are released with urine a day. Urine is a liquid byproduct of the body secreted by the kidneys through a process called urination and excreted through the urethra. Oliguria—An abnormally small amount of urine, often due to shock or kidney damage. 0.6. sulfate. Vitamins 4. needs to be excrete or else the build up of these . Adopted a LibreTexts for your class? Have questions or comments? Chemical Composition Of Urine The percentage of the solid and liquid materials in urine varies as the secretion alters in strength, but on an average it may be said to contain about 4 per cent, of solids and 96 per cent, water. We further analysed if elemental sulphur in lynx urine could serve as a dietary cue or … Click here to let us know! Urea is a non-toxic molecule made of toxic ammonia and carbon dioxide. No caption available ... • The by product of all chemical reactions in the body that . Concentration in g/100 ml urine. The specific gravity is the ratio of the density to that of water, and it is dependent on the number and weight of solute particles and on the temperature of the sample. Cleanses blood. The normal chemical composition of urine is primarily water content, but it also involves nitrogenous molecules such as urea, as well as creatinine and other components of metabolic waste. 60-90% of nitrogenous material; derived from metabolism of amino acids into ammonia. Physical examination of urine includes description of color, odor, clarity, volume, and specific gravity. Some of the more common types of abnormal urine include: The LibreTexts libraries are Powered by MindTouch® and are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. 0.15. phosphate. Other substances may be excreted in urine due to injury or infection of the glomeruli of the kidneys, which can alter the ability of the nephron to reabsorb or filter the … 0.015. magnesium. It is usually slightly cidic with pH value 6. What Is The Chemical Composition of Urine in Human? urea. In this study, we investigated whether chemical composition of Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx urine was related to sex, reproductive state, and individual identity. Urea and urate decomposed during storage. 0.1. ammonia. Urine is a liquid by-product... Regulation of … Urine is an aqueous solution of greater than 95% water, with a minimum of these remaining constituents, in order of decreasing concentration: Urine is sterile until it reaches the urethra, where epithelial cells lining the urethra are colonized by facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods and cocci. Adopted a LibreTexts for your class? Freshwater animals usually excrete very dilute urine. Chemical examination of urine includes the identification of protein, blood cells, glucose, pH, bilirubin, urobilinogen, ketone bodies, nitrites, and leukocyte esterase. Urea is essentially a processed form of ammonia that is non-toxic to mammals, unlike ammonia, which can be highly toxic. Hormones 5. Normal urine consists of water, urea, salts, and pigments. It is processed from ammonia and carbon dioxide in the liver. Urine is a sterile waste product composed of water soluble nitrogen products. Other dissolved ions, inorganic and organic compounds (proteins, hormones, metabolites). 0.05. uric acid. Proteinuria—Protein content in urine, often due to leaky or damaged glomeruli. Creatinine is the chemical that gets produced every time your muscles contract. https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FIntroductory_Chemistry%2FMap%253A_Fundamentals_of_General_Organic_and_Biological_Chemistry_(McMurry_et_al.